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If you get an error saying "The type javax.faces.context.ExternalContext cannot be resolved", try this:

1. Right click on your project, WST_Manager_Webapp.
2. In the left side, expand "Project facets" and select"Java Server Faces".
3. On the top of the right panel, do you see an error message saying something like "Required class java.faces.FactoryFinder does not exist in selected libraries"?
4. Click the little disk icon with an arrow (representing download).
   1. Select IceFaces core Library v1.8.2.
   2. Click Next.
   3. Check "I accept".
   4. Click "Finish".
   5. In the list of libraries, make sure the box next to it is checked -- check it if it's not.
5. Repeat the same for the "IceFaces Facelets Library", "IceFaces Support Library", "JSF 1.2 (Sun RI)", and "Standardized EL Library"
6. Sometimes Eclipse doesn't actually add these correctly. You may need to click "Ok" then go back in and check off each of those libraries in the list.

You may, when you start up tomcat, see this and some other messages just like it: "SEVERE: Error configuring application listener of class org.eclipse.birt.report.listener.ViewerServletContextListener
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.eclipse.birt.report.listener.ViewerServletContextListener"

Sometimes the first time you run Tomcat with the manager, due to a bug in eclipse, the .jar files won't export. You'll get a bunch of class not found errors for BIRT and IceFaces at startup, and the startup will fail.

To verify that it's this particular problem, check [Your-Eclipse-Workspace]\.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp0\wtpwebapps\WST_Manager_Webapp\WEB-INF\lib -- if the lib folder is missing (but it's parent META-INF is there), you know you're hitting this bug.

I tried the following and then it worked:

1. Right click your project "WST_Manager_Webapp" and choose "Close Project"
2. Quit Eclipse
3. Re-run eclipse
4. Open "WST_Manager_Webapp"
5. Go to the Servers view:
   1. Right click the server (Tomcat)
   2. Click Clean...
6. Try it again.
7. If that doesn't work, repeat and rebuild a couple times. Eventually it works for everyone that's tried to report this bug.

Follow the same steps to solve as above – close your project, quit eclipse, open your project, clean it, and try again.

If you see this in Tomcat, you should follow these directions .